This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
A recent study in Tanzania found that when pregnant women took vitamins every
day,fewer babies were born too small.
Babies that weigh less than two and one-half kilograms at birth have a
greater risk of dying. Those that survive are more likely to experience problems
with their development. And experts say that as adults they have a higher risk
of diseases including heart disease and diabetes.
The World Health Organization estimates that every year twenty million babies
are born with low birth weight. Nine out of ten of them are born in developing
countries.
The new study took place in Dar es Salaam. 4,200 pregnant women received
multivitamins. The pills contained
all of the vitamins in the B group along with vitamins C and E. They also
contained several times more iron and folate than the levels advised for women
in developed nations. Pregnant women especially in poor countries may find it
difficult to get enough vitamins and minerals from the foods in their diet.
The scientists compared the findings with results from a group of 4,000
women who did not receive the vitamins.
A report by the scientists, from the United States and Tanzania, appeared in
the New England Journal of Medicine. Wafaie Fawzi of the Harvard University
School of Public Health led the study.
None of the women in the study had H.I.V., the virus that causes AIDS. The
scientists reported earlier that daily multivitamins were a low-cost way to
reduce fetal deaths in pregnant women infected with H.I.V.
The earlier work in Tanzania also found improvement in the mothers in their
number of blood cells known as lymphocytes. Lymphocytes increase the body's
immunity against infection.
The new study in pregnant women who were not infected with the AIDS virus
found that multivitamins reduced the risk of low birth weight. Just under eight
percent of the babies born to women who took the multivitamins weighed less
than 2,500 grams. The rate was almost nine and one-half percent in the
group of women who received a placebo, an inactive pill, instead of the
vitamins.
But the vitamins did not do much to reduce the rates of babies being born too
early or dying while still a fetus. Still, the researchers say multivitamins
should be considered for all pregnant women in developing countries.
And that's the VOA Special English Health Report. I'm Steve
Ember.
multivitamin:多種維生素劑
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